Computer Hardware

Biometrics

Definition

Biometrics are body measurements and calculations related to human characteristics. Biometric authentication is used in computer science as a form of identification and access control. It uses unique, measurable, biological characteristics to identify a person.

Why It Matters

Biometric authentication is more secure and convenient than traditional passwords. It uses "something you are" (like a fingerprint or your face) as a form of identification, which is much harder to steal or forget.

Contextual Example

Many smartphones use biometric sensors for unlocking. A fingerprint scanner reads your unique fingerprint, and a facial recognition system uses infrared cameras to map the unique geometry of your face.

Common Misunderstandings

  • Common biometric identifiers include fingerprints, facial patterns, voice, iris scans, and even gait or typing rhythm.
  • No biometric system is 100% foolproof, and there are concerns about the privacy and security of storing biometric data.

Related Terms

Last Updated: December 17, 2025