Computer Hardware
CPU
Definition
The Central Processing Unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions in the program.
Why It Matters
The CPU is the "brain" of the computer. Its performance, particularly its clock speed and number of cores, is one of the most significant factors determining the overall speed and capability of a computer.
Contextual Example
When you open an application or perform a calculation, the CPU fetches the program instructions from memory, decodes them, and executes them, performing the necessary operations.
Common Misunderstandings
- The CPU is not the entire computer; it is one, albeit very important, component on the motherboard.
- CPU performance is not just about clock speed (GHz); the number of cores and the efficiency of the architecture are also critical.