Databases & Data Storage

Document Database

Definition

A document database (or document store) is a type of NoSQL database that is designed to store and query data as JSON-like documents. Documents are self-contained and can have different structures.

Why It Matters

Document databases provide a flexible and intuitive way to store complex, hierarchical data. Because the data for a single record is stored in a single document, they are often very fast for reads and writes, and their flexible schema makes development easier.

Contextual Example

A blog post, with its title, content, tags, and embedded comments, can be naturally stored as a single document in a document database like MongoDB. This is more intuitive than splitting it across multiple tables in a relational database.

Common Misunderstandings

  • MongoDB is the most popular document database.
  • The "documents" are typically in a format like JSON or BSON (Binary JSON).

Related Terms

Last Updated: December 17, 2025