Databases & Data Storage

Join

Definition

A SQL join clause combines columns from one or more tables in a relational database. It creates a set that can be saved as a table or used as is. A join is a means for combining columns from one (self-join) or more tables by using values common to each.

Why It Matters

Joins are fundamental to retrieving meaningful data from a normalized relational database. They allow you to combine data from multiple tables based on their relationships.

Contextual Example

To get a list of orders and the names of the customers who placed them, you would join the `Orders` table with the `Customers` table on the `CustomerID` column: `SELECT Orders.OrderID, Customers.CustomerName FROM Orders JOIN Customers ON Orders.CustomerID = Customers.CustomerID;`.

Common Misunderstandings

  • There are different types of joins, including INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL OUTER JOIN, which handle cases where there might not be a matching record in the other table.
  • Joins can be computationally expensive, and poorly written joins are a common source of database performance problems.

Related Terms

Last Updated: December 17, 2025