Operating Systems
Memory Management
Definition
Memory management is the process of controlling and coordinating computer memory, assigning portions called blocks to various running programs to optimize overall system performance.
Why It Matters
Efficient memory management is crucial for a multitasking operating system. The OS must ensure that each process has the memory it needs to run, without interfering with the memory of other processes, while also making the best use of the limited physical RAM available.
Contextual Example
When you start a new application, the OS finds a free block of RAM and allocates it to that application. When you close the application, the OS deallocates that memory, making it available for other programs. Virtual memory is a technique used to extend RAM with disk space.
Common Misunderstandings
- Poor memory management can lead to errors like "segmentation faults" or the system slowing down due to excessive use of virtual memory ("swapping").
- The Memory Management Unit (MMU) is a hardware component that assists the OS in managing memory.