Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning

NumPy

Definition

NumPy (Numerical Python) is a library for the Python programming language, adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays.

Why It Matters

NumPy is the foundational package for scientific computing in Python. It provides a highly efficient array object that is the basis for almost all other data science and machine learning libraries, including Pandas, Scikit-learn, and TensorFlow.

Contextual Example

A machine learning engineer needs to perform a fast matrix multiplication operation. They use NumPy arrays, which are implemented in C and are orders of magnitude faster for numerical operations than standard Python lists.

Common Misunderstandings

  • The core of NumPy is its `ndarray` (n-dimensional array) object.
  • Most data science libraries in Python are built on top of NumPy.

Related Terms

Last Updated: December 17, 2025