SFTP
Definition
The SSH File Transfer Protocol (also Secure File Transfer Protocol, or SFTP) is a network protocol that provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream. It was designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as an extension of the Secure Shell protocol (SSH) version 2.0 to provide secure file transfer capabilities.
Why It Matters
SFTP provides a secure, encrypted way to transfer files, which is a massive improvement over the insecure, plain-text FTP protocol. It is the modern standard for secure, automated file transfers.
Contextual Example
A developer uses an SFTP client to securely upload their website files to a web server. The entire connection, including their password and the file data, is encrypted by the underlying SSH protocol.
Common Misunderstandings
- SFTP is not FTP over SSL/TLS (that's FTPS). SFTP is a completely different protocol that runs over an SSH session.
- Because it uses SSH, it typically runs on port 22.