Emerging Technologies
Synthetic Biology
Definition
Synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature. It combines principles of engineering, biology, and computer science.
Why It Matters
Synthetic biology aims to make biology an engineering discipline. It has the potential to create novel solutions for medicine, manufacturing, and environmental challenges by programming living cells to perform new functions.
Contextual Example
Scientists are using synthetic biology to engineer yeast cells to produce biofuels, pharmaceuticals, or even spider silk. They are essentially programming the yeast's DNA to turn it into a tiny, living factory.
Common Misunderstandings
- It is a step beyond genetic engineering. Instead of just modifying an existing gene, synthetic biology often involves designing and building entirely new genetic circuits from scratch.
- Like CRISPR, it raises important ethical and safety questions.