Emerging Technologies

Blockchain

Definition

A blockchain is a distributed, immutable ledger that is used to record transactions and track assets in a business network. Each block in the chain contains a number of transactions, and every time a new transaction occurs on the blockchain, a record of that transaction is added to every participant’s ledger.

Why It Matters

Blockchain provides a way to record and transfer data that is transparent, secure, and resistant to censorship or modification. This enables trust in a decentralized environment without the need for a central intermediary like a bank or government.

Contextual Example

Bitcoin uses a blockchain to record all transactions. Every transaction is added to a public ledger that is shared among all participants in the network, ensuring that no one can spend the same bitcoin twice.

Common Misunderstandings

  • Blockchain and Bitcoin are not the same thing. Blockchain is the underlying technology, and Bitcoin is the first and most famous application of that technology.
  • Blockchains are not inherently anonymous; many, like Bitcoin, are pseudonymous, meaning transactions are public but linked to a wallet address, not a name.

Related Terms

Last Updated: December 18, 2025