Networking & Internet
Switch
Definition
A network switch is a networking hardware that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to receive and forward data to the destination device. It operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model.
Why It Matters
Switches are the foundation of most local area networks (LANs). They allow multiple wired devices to communicate with each other efficiently by intelligently forwarding traffic only to the port where the destination device is connected.
Contextual Example
In an office, all the desktop computers and printers are connected via Ethernet cables to a network switch. When one computer wants to send a print job, the switch knows which port the printer is on and sends the data directly there, without broadcasting it to every other computer.
Common Misunderstandings
- A switch is more intelligent than an older device called a hub, which would broadcast traffic to all ports, creating unnecessary congestion.
- A switch connects devices within a single network. A router connects different networks together.