Networking & Internet
Topology
Definition
Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network. It can be used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks, including command and control radio networks, industrial fieldbusses and computer networks.
Why It Matters
The topology of a network affects its performance, cost, and reliability. Different topologies have different trade-offs in terms of cabling complexity, fault tolerance, and scalability.
Contextual Example
In a "star" topology, all devices connect to a central switch or hub. This is the most common topology for modern LANs. A "mesh" topology, where devices are interconnected, is highly reliable and is used in some wireless networks.
Common Misunderstandings
- Common topologies include bus, ring, star, tree, and mesh.
- "Physical topology" is the physical layout of the devices and cables. "Logical topology" is how the data flows between devices.